不同定植期和摘心方案下5个品种(系)茶用菊生长和产量性状的变化

为了比较5个茶用菊新品种(系)的产量水平,并筛选出获得高产的定植期和摘心方案,以 ‘苏菊10号’、‘苏菊12号’、‘苏菊13号’、‘CH1-44’、‘CH5-13’ 为试材,采用三因素裂区试验设计,主区为早、中、晚3个定植期,裂区为5个新品种(系),裂裂区为4种摘心方案,比较不同栽培措施下植株生长和产量的差异.结果表明: 5个新品种(系)中,‘CH5-13’和‘苏菊13号’产量相对较高,‘CH1-44’和‘苏菊10号’产量次之,‘苏菊12号’产量最低;5月27日中期定植、二次摘心措施下5个新品种(系)的株高、冠幅、单株花数、花径、单花鲜质量、单株产量和单位面积产量均显著优于其他处理,较5月7日和6月13日定植分别提高16.0%和19.0%、18.0%和22.8%、36.7%和42.2%、11.1%和2.3%、13.0%和4.0%、47.8%和36.6%、48.5%和36.7%.随着摘心时间的推迟,株高显著降低,二次摘心株高较不摘心降低50.2%;二次摘心处理的冠幅、单株花数、单花鲜质量、单株产量和单位面积产量最高,较不摘心依次提高17.0%、29.1%、5.5%、34.0%和34.8%.品种(系)、定植期、摘心方案3个因素对茶用菊生长性状和产量影响作用的大小依次为:定植期>品种>摘心.     

杨芽黄素对前列腺癌细胞凋亡的影响及其机制

目的:探讨杨芽黄素对前列腺癌细胞22Rv.1的作用及机制。方法:将0~20μg/ml杨芽黄素作用于22Rv.1细胞和正常前列腺细胞RWPE-1,适时采用MTS法检测细胞的增殖活性,采用流式细胞仪、hoechst染色、LDH释放实验分别检测22Rv.1细胞凋亡、死亡、周期、核型变化和药物的细胞毒作用,利用qPCR和Westernblot分析22Rv.1细胞内基因转录和蛋白表达的改变,并通过抑瘤实验证实该药的抑癌作用。结果:杨芽黄素可显著抑制22Rv.1细胞增殖、诱导其凋亡,促进22Rv.1细胞凋亡相关基因dr4、dr5、trail、p53、caspase-3、caspase-8、caspase-9、bid、bax、foxo3的表达,并抑制抗凋亡基因akt、pi3k和bcl-2的表达。结论:杨芽黄素可通过影响TRAIL和PI3K/AKT信号通路诱导前列腺癌细胞凋亡,具有抗前列腺癌的作用。     

硬粒小麦 长穗偃麦草2E和4E附加系及E染色体传递

为探讨长穗偃麦草E染色体在硬粒小麦背景中的传递特点,利用染色体特异分子标记、基因组原位杂交(GISH)、非变性荧光原位杂交(ND FISH)等方法,对小偃麦8801(AABBEE)与硬粒小麦(AABB)杂交后代中选育的株系Du_No.2和Du_No.4进行了分析。结果表明：(1)分子标记检测株系Du_No.2及Du_No.4分别能扩增出长穗偃麦草2E、4E染色体特异条带。(2)GISH和ND FISH分析显示,株系Du_No.2和Du_No.4分别附加了1条2E和4E染色体,表明株系Du_No.2 和Du_No.4分别为硬粒小麦 长穗偃麦草2E和4E单体附加系。(3)2个株系的减数分裂过程观察发现,后期Ⅰ、Ⅱ和末期Ⅱ都有E染色体分离异常现象,且株系Du_No.2和 Du_No.4的异常率分别为22.24%和36.18%。(4)2个株系分别与硬粒小麦进行正反杂交的后代PCR分析表明, 2E和4E染色体经雄配子的传递率分别为4.41%和2.17%,而通过雌配子的传递率都为零,表明2E和4E染色体在硬粒小麦背景中能通过雄配子传递,但不通过雌配子的传递。该研究为创建全套硬粒小麦 长穗偃麦草双体附加系及代换系提供基础。     

无线粒体DNA的人肺腺癌A549细胞系的构建

目的:建立无线粒体DNA(mtDNA)的人肺腺癌ρ~0A549细胞系。方法:在含50 ng/mL溴化乙锭(EB)、100μg/mL丙酮酸钠和50μg/mL尿嘧啶核苷的RPMI1640细胞培养基中传代培养A549细胞;用低剂量EB连续诱导培养35 d后,采用光镜观察、TaqMan探针法实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)和Western印迹鉴定无mtDNA的ρ~0A549细胞系;采用MTT法测定ρ~0A549细胞增殖曲线。结果:倒置显微镜下野生型ρ^+A549细胞为多角形,ρ~0A549细胞形态呈拉长枝状;qPCR结果显示,低剂量EB诱导35 d的ρ~0A549细胞中无mtDNA的存在。Western印迹结果显示,ρ^+A549细胞中能表达核基因编码的线粒体蛋白SDHA和ATP5A,也能表达线粒体基因组编码的蛋白MT-COXI和MT-ATP6;ρ~0A549细胞中无MT-COXI和MT-ATP6蛋白表达,但核基因编码的SDHA和ATP5A蛋白能够正常表达。MTT结果显示,与ρ^+A549细胞相比,ρ~0A549细胞生长速度明显减慢,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:构建和鉴定了无mtDNA的人肺腺癌ρ~0A549细胞系,为后续探讨mtDNA缺失或突变与人肺腺癌发生之间的关系奠定了实验基础。     

Characterization of different DNA repair pathways in hepatic cells of Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

The concern about DNA damage has directed efforts toward evaluating the genotoxic potential of physical and chemical agents. Since the extent of DNA damage is also related to the capacity of the organism in repairing the DNA, the advance of toxicological studies on this area depends on the characterization of the DNA repair mechanisms in the available models. The cellular zebrafish models, for example, replace mammalian cells to answer ecologically relevant questions on aquatic toxicology. So, the aim of the present study was to characterize the nucleotide excision repair (NER) and photoreactivation (PER) in two cellular models of Danio rerio liver, primary hepatocytes and ZF-L (Zebrafish Liver) cell line. We performed kinetic studies of the DNA damage levels after exposure to 6.8 J/m² UVC using the T4-PDG modified Comet Assay, and determined the expression levels of important genes involved in NER, PER and base excision repair using RT-qPCR. It was observed that both ZF-L cell line and primary hepatocytes exhibit similar NER and PER activity. Primary hepatocytes showed similarities in the gene expression of most of the evaluated repair genes with the original tissue. These results indicate that both primary hepatocytes and ZF-L cells are useful models for toxicological studies aiming to evaluate NER and PER in hepatic cells. Moreover, the similarities in gene expression between the cellular models suggest that the ZF-L cells retain the DNA repair characteristics of the primary hepatocytes and, thus, could serve as replacement to this primary culture, reducing the use of animals in research.     

Improving enantiomeric resolutions by avoiding peak distortion effects in on‐line coupled liquid chromatography to gas chromatography

In this work, we study the effect of different variables affecting elution profile distortion on the enantiomeric resolution eventually achievable when working with on‐line coupled liquid chromatography to gas chromatography (LC‐GC). Specifically, the proposed configuration combines achiral reversed‐phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) and chiral gas chromatography (enantio‐GC), with heptakis‐(2,3,6‐tri‐O‐methyl)‐β‐cyclodextrin as enantioselective stationary phase to analyse target fractions transferred (from LC to GC) via the through oven transfer adsorption desorption (TOTAD) interface. The high degree of orthogonality resulting from the combination of two chromatographic columns having very different separation mechanisms (and also requiring mobile phases in distinct physical states), as well as integration of the sample preparation step in the first dimension of the system, significantly contributed to exploit the performance of the proposed two‐dimensional approach. Occasional adverse effects, which may result in severe peak distortions during LC‐GC analysis and could be explained by flow instabilities due to viscous fingering, are circumvented by using the outstanding capacity of the TOTAD interface for achieving effective elimination of the eluent arriving from the LC preseparation.     

籼粳稻杂交衍生RIL系的苗期抗旱性评价

为鉴定籼粳稻杂交衍生系的苗期抗旱性,以课题组自育的高代抗逆品系ZD15为母本、籼稻品种IR29为父本,以及杂交衍生的重组自交系群体120份为试验材料,利用PEG-6000对各材料苗期进行干旱胁迫处理,测定根长、根冠比、地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重、地上部干重和地下部干重;利用PEG-6000对各材料芽期进行干旱胁迫处理,测定芽鞘长和芽长。采用主成分分析和隶属函数法对各材料的抗旱性进行综合评价,根据综合抗旱D值可将122份材料分成3类,D值在0.201～0.400之间的有33份,属于不抗旱材料;D值在0.401～0.600之间的有79份,属于中等抗旱材料;D值在0.601～0.800之间的有10份,属于抗旱材料。利用D值进行逐步回归分析,结果表明根长、根冠比、地上部鲜重、地下部鲜重、地上部干重、地下部干重、芽鞘长和芽长8个性状均可作为水稻苗期抗旱性的评价指标。本研究筛选出的抗旱材料,可作为育种中间材料进一步培育,或作为育种资源加以利用,以丰富本区水稻育种的资源库。     

Recent advancement in the discovery and development of COX-2 inhibitors: Insight into biological activities and SAR studies (2008–2019)

Cyclooxygenase-2 is a very important physiological enzyme playing key roles in various biological functions especially in the mechanism of pain and inflammation, among other roles, making it a molecule of high interest to the pharmaceutical community as a target. COX 2 enzyme is induced only during inflammatory processes or cancer and reflects no role in the guarding stomach lining. Thus, selective COX-2 inhibition can significantly reduce the adverse effects including GI tract damage and hepatotoxic effects of traditional NSAIDs like aspirin, ibuprofen, etc. Recent developments on COX-2 inhibitors is primarily focused on improving the selectivity index of the drug towards COX-2 along with enhancing the potency of the drug by modifying the scaffolds of Coxibs currently in the market like Celecoxib, Indomethacin, Oxaprozin, etc. We have reported the progress on new COX-2 inhibitors in the last decade (2008–2019) focussing on five heterocyclic rings- Pyrazole, Indole, Oxazole, Pyridine and Pyrrole. The addition of various moieties to these core rings and their structure-activity relationship along with their molecular modelling data have been explored in the article. This review aims to aid medicinal chemists in the design and discovery of better COX-2 inhibitors constructed on these five heterocyclic pharmacophores.